Providing Sterile Orthopedic Implants: Challenges Associated with Multiple Reprocessing of Orthopedic Surgical Trays

Orthopedic implants, such as screws, are provided in a non-sterile state and must be reprocessed before each use, therefore they may subjected to multiple reprocessing cycles until implanted the patient. The effect of these various on quality safety implants has been subject concern discussion around world. In this narrative review, we discuss four main challenges associated with supplying same standard, respect their safety, that sterile: microbiological contamination (focusing biofilm), non-microbiological contamination, surface damage, acquisition surgical trays from loaner companies.